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Full text of White Paper on Arms Control
,Xinhua
Updated: 2005-09-01 11:21
China on Thursday, September 1, 2005, issued a white paper entitled
China's Endeavors for Arms Control, Disarmament and Non-Proliferation to
fully elaborate on the Chinese government's policies and positions on
arms control, disarmament and non-proliferation.
The white paper, issued at a press conference in Beijing by the State
Council Information Office, comprises seven parts: Foreword,
International Security and Arms Control Situation, China's Basic Policy
and Position, Participating in and Promoting International Arms Control
and Disarmament Process, Committed to National and Regional Disarmament,
Actively Participating in International Non-Proliferation Efforts,
Tightening Non-Proliferation Export Control.
Subjected to untold external aggression and suppression in its modern
history, China fully understands how precious peace is, says the white
paper in its Foreword.
China will remain committed to pushing forward the process of
international arms control, disarmament and non-proliferation, it adds.
The following is the full text of the document:
China's Endeavors for Arms Control, Disarmament and Non-Proliferation
Foreword
The year 2005 marks the 60th anniversary of the victories of the Chinese
People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the World
Anti-Fascist War. The war of aggression launched by fascists and
militarists brought about untold sufferings to the world and wreaked
unprecedented havoc on human civilization. The world people won victories
and peace with their blood and lives.
The year 2005 also marks the 60th anniversary of the founding of the
United Nations (UN), the most universal, representative and authoritative
inter-governmental international organization in the world. The
establishment of the UN has embodied the aspiration of peoples around the
world for building a new world of peace, equality, cooperation and
prosperity. The UN, over the past 60 years, has worked unremittingly for
and played an important role in easing conflicts, promoting disarmament,
safeguarding peace and boosting development.
The Chinese nation loves peace and advocates that nothing is more
valuable than peace and all nations should live in peace and harmony.
Subjected to untold external aggression and suppression in its modern
history, China fully understands how precious peace is. At present, the
Chinese people are concentrating on development and nation-building along
a road of peaceful development. China needs a long-lasting and stable
international environment of peace for her development, which, in turn,
will promote world peace and progress. China, holding high the banner of
peace, development and cooperation, will remain committed to pushing
forward the process of international arms control, disarmament and
non-proliferation. China will never seek hegemony and will remain forever
a staunch force for safeguarding world peace and promoting common
development.
This White Paper, China's Endeavors for Arms Control, Disarmament and
Non-Proliferation, is published to fully elaborate on the Chinese
government's policies and positions on arms control, disarmament and
non-proliferation and to give a systematic account of China's involvement
in the international arms control, disarmament and non-proliferation
affairs.
I. International Security and Arms Control Situation
Peace, development and cooperation have become the trend of the times in
the current world. World multi-polarization and economic globalization
are developing in depth, and science and technology are advancing by
leaps and bounds. Countries and regions have constantly strengthened
their exchanges and cooperation as they are increasingly interdependent
in security. World peace and development are facing rare opportunities as
factors for maintaining peace and restraining war are increasing. It has
become the consensus of the international community to enhance
cooperation and jointly meet global challenges.
However, the world is far from tranquil as traditional security issues
persist, local wars and violent conflicts crop up time and again and
hot-spot issues keep emerging. Non-traditional security threats such as
terrorism, proliferation of weapons of mass destruction (WMD),
transnational crimes and infectious diseases are on the rise. The
intertwined traditional and non-traditional threats pose severe
challenges to international security.
International arms control, disarmament and non-proliferation are closely
linked with international security. Given more diversified threats to
international security and larger numbers of unstable and unpredictable
factors, the dimensions of arms control, disarmament and
non-proliferation have been constantly expanded with increasing
importance. Opportunities and challenges develop side by side while hopes
and potential risks coexist.
On the one hand, as an integral part of the global security order, the
international arms control, disarmament and non-proliferation regime is
still playing an important role in safeguarding world peace and
stability. Since the 1990s, fresh achievements have been scored in arms
control, disarmament and non-proliferation. A number of important
treaties have been concluded in such areas as the prohibition of chemical
weapons and nuclear tests. The international consensus has been
constantly strengthened on preventing the proliferation of WMD. The UN
Security Council has unanimously adopted Resolution 1540 on
non-proliferation. Political and diplomatic efforts have been
continuously pursued to settle proliferation issues through dialogue and
cooperation. Initiatives on strengthening the non-proliferation regime
have been introduced. Security dialogues have been intensified among
countries and regional security cooperation has been expanded. The
aforementioned progress has enhanced mutual trust among countries,
boosted the relaxation of the security situation and maintained
international strategic stability.
On the other hand, there is still a long way to go in multilateral arms
control and disarmament. The process of nuclear disarmament has been long
and arduous. The nuclear deterrence strategy based on the first use of
nuclear weapons has yet to be abandoned. The trend toward lowering the
threshold for the use of nuclear weapons and developing new nuclear
weapons is worrisome. There has been greater danger of weaponization of
and an arms race in outer space. The universality of international
treaties on arms control is still inadequate and negative examples of
scrapping important arms control treaties occur from time to time. The
multilateral arms control and disarmament regime is faced with
difficulty. As the single multilateral disarmament negotiating body, the
Conference on Disarmament (CD) in Geneva has for years been unable to
carry out substantive work. The international non-proliferation process
is facing challenges. The prospect for settling regional nuclear issues
is still blurry and the risks of terrorist organizations and other
non-state entities acquiring WMD are growing.
Currently, the international process of arms control, disarmament and
non-proliferation is at a crucial crossroad. It is an absolute necessity
for the maintenance of international peace, security and stability to
seize fresh opportunities, meet new challenges and consolidate and
constantly strengthen the existing international regime on arms control,
disarmament and non-proliferation. This also conforms to the people's
will. The international community is in favor of maintaining
multilateralism, pushing forward the international process of arms
control and disarmament, constantly improving the international
non-proliferation regime, stepping up international cooperation and
coping with security challenges.
To promote a fair, rational, comprehensive and sound development of the
international cause of arms control, disarmament and non-proliferation,
the international community should follow the purposes and principles of
the UN Charter and other universally recognized norms governing
international relations, foster a new security concept featuring mutual
trust, mutual benefit, equality and coordination, enhance mutual trust
through dialogue and promote common security through cooperation. The
right of all countries to equal participation in international arms
control, disarmament and non-proliferation affairs should be guaranteed
and the international process of arms control, disarmament and
non-proliferation promoted on the basis of no derogation of the security
of all countries.
The issue of non-proliferation should be dealt with by political and
diplomatic means within the framework of international law. The existing
international legal system on arms control, disarmament and
non-proliferation should be maintained, further strengthened and
improved. The legitimate rights and interests of all countries as regards
the peaceful use of science and technology should be guaranteed and the
role of the UN and other multilateral organizations be brought into full
play.
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